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Dermoid Ovarian Cyst

A dermoid cyst is also known as a cystic teratoma. This is a specific type of cyst that contains a variety of different cells, and therefore is known to have hair, skin, bone, even teeth.

A dermoid cyst can be found in several different areas of the body, including near the eyebrow in children (known as periorbital), in the skull, on the skin, even on the spine. The most common place to find a dermoid cyst is on the ovaries.

Dermoid Ovarian Cyst Symptoms

Dermoid ovarian cysts are rarely symptomatic. They are very common; in fact, almost one of every three benign tumors found in the ovaries are dermoid ovarian cysts. Unlike other ovarian cysts, including those arising on polycystic ovaries, dermoid ovarian cysts are not accompanied by any other symptoms and therefore are generally not found until a pelvic exam takes place, when the ovary is found to be enlarged.

Sometimes they are found during pregnancy. Most women only are diagnosed with one dermoid ovarian cyst, but one in ten women will have them in both ovaries. Continued below....

Dermoid Ovarian Cyst Symptoms

The fact that this type of cyst is not generally painful does not mean that it should be left alone. If left untreated, there is a possibility that a dermoid ovarian cyst will twist or rupture, both of which could cause tremendous pain and could lead to peritonitis, which is an internal infection.

Dermoid ovarian cysts are generally treated by being removed surgically. In most cases it can be removed via laparoscopy, though open surgery is sometimes required.

Dermoid Ovarian Cyst Causes

Unlike functional cysts, which are caused by an egg not being properly released during ovulation, or cysts on the ovaries caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, it is not clear what causes dermoid ovarian cysts.

Because this type of cyst is also found in other parts of the body including the sinus cavities and even in the brain, it is thought that they are present from the time that a woman is a fetus, and is actually caused by fetal cells that became misdirected.

Ovarian dermoid cysts range in size from one centimeter to up to sixty centimeters, almost two feet around; the larger they are, the higher the likelihood that they will cause pain or complications and the more important it is that they are removed, especially because they are more likely to rupture or cause torsion, or twisting of the ovaries.

Dermoid Ovarian Cyst Removal

Dermoid Ovarian Cysts usually appear in younger women, and are usually benign. In fact, when a dermoid ovarian cyst is discovered, only one to two percent become cancerous; when they are discovered in women over forty they have a higher risk of being malignant.

In both cases it is recommended that they be removed. There is no medication or treatment outside of surgery, although there are a couple of different methods of surgery that can be used, including laparascopic surgery which involves very small surgical tools, and can be done through a small incision near the belly button. Sometimes open surgery is required, depending upon the size of the cyst and its location.

Although any surgery has risks, this procedure is relatively minor, and will not affect the fertility of a woman trying to get pregnant, especially if special care is taken to prevent scar tissue from forming in the ovaries.

In rare instances when the entire ovary needs to be removed, or even part of both ovaries, enough ovary tissue usually still remains and is able to produce enough eggs to get pregnant without any difficulty.